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Glossary of USCIS Forms and Immigration Terms

Plain-language definitions of the USCIS forms and immigration concepts we help with. Curated and attorney-reviewed.

What is the Alvva glossary?

This glossary defines the most common terms, forms, and concepts USCIS uses in immigration applications — from forms (N-400, I-130, I-485, I-131, I-821D) to concepts (adjustment of status, priority date, public charge, RFE). Each entry is concise (150–250 words), in plain language, and attorney-reviewed. Use it as a reference while preparing your case — or to understand the process before you start.

USCIS Form

Concept

Agency

Related resources

If you're evaluating whether to work with Alvva, a traditional attorney, or do it yourself, these guides compare each option:

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between Form I-130 and Form I-485?
Form I-130 is the petition that establishes the qualifying family relationship between a U.S. citizen or permanent resident and a foreign national beneficiary. Form I-485 is the separate application the beneficiary files to actually adjust status to lawful permanent resident (green card) from inside the United States. I-130 approval alone does not grant status — both forms are required for family-based green cards when the beneficiary is already in the U.S.
Which USCIS form do I need to file first for a green card?
It depends on how you qualify. For family-based green cards, you start with Form I-130 (petition) filed by your U.S. citizen or permanent resident relative. For employment-based green cards, you usually start with PERM labor certification followed by Form I-140. Humanitarian-based (asylum, U-visa, VAWA) have their own starting forms. Alvva's guided questionnaire tells you exactly which forms your specific case needs.
How long does USCIS take to process common forms?
Processing times vary by form type and service center. Approximate medians: N-400 citizenship takes 6–14 months; I-130 for a U.S. citizen spouse takes 7–14 months; I-485 AOS takes 8–20 months; I-131 Advance Parole takes 4–10 months; I-821D DACA renewal takes 2–6 months; I-751 Removal of Conditions takes 18–36 months. Check current times on the official USCIS processing time tool at egov.uscis.gov/processing-times, or track your specific case in Alvva's free Track My Visa tool.
What is a USCIS Request for Evidence (RFE)?
A Request for Evidence is USCIS's formal request for additional documents or clarification before deciding your case. RFEs pause your case until you respond within the deadline (typically 87 days). They do not mean denial — they mean USCIS needs more information. Common RFE triggers include missing certified translations, insufficient I-864 financial support, and unclear address history. Missing the RFE deadline typically results in denial.